MUBARLYTajweed Rules: Noon and Meem Sakinah, Qalqalah and Madd
The rules of tajweed explained simply: izhar, idgham, iqlab, ikhfa, ghunna, qalqalah and madd, with letters and Quran examples.
Silent nun and tanwin
Iẓhār إظهار
Letters: ء ه ع ح غ خ
The nūn is pronounced clearly, without ghunnah.
Iẓhār muṭlaq إظهار مطلق
Letters: و ي
When a nūn sākinah and a wāw or yā come in the SAME word, idghām is not made and the nūn is read clearly.
Idghām with ghunnah إدغام بغنة
Letters: ي ن م و
The nūn merges into the following letter, and a ghunnah of two counts is held.
Idghām without ghunnah إدغام بغير غنة
Letters: ل ر
The nūn merges completely into the following letter, with no ghunnah.
Idghām mithlayn with ghunnah إدغام المتماثلين
Letters: ن
A nūn sākinah merges into a following voweled nūn; the ghunnah is held.
Iqlāb إقلاب
Letters: ب
The nūn is changed into a mīm, and a ghunnah of two counts is held with the lips closed.
Ikhfā’ إخفاء
Letters: ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك
The nūn is neither fully clear nor fully merged; it is concealed and read with a ghunnah of two counts.
Silent mim
Ikhfā’ shafawī إخفاء شفوي
Letters: ب
A mīm sākinah before bā is concealed with ghunnah, the lips lightly closed.
Idghām mithlayn with ghunnah إدغام مثلين
Letters: م
A mīm sākinah merges into the following mīm; a ghunnah of two counts is held.
Iẓhār shafawī إظهار شفوي
A mīm sākinah is read clearly before the remaining twenty-six letters.
Ghunna
Ghunnah غنّة
Letters: نّ مّ
A nūn with shaddah and a mīm with shaddah are read holding the sound in the nose for two counts.
Qalqala
Qalqalah قلقلة
Letters: ق ط ب ج د
When they carry sukūn, they are read with a slight bounce (echo).
Madd — elongations
Madd ṭabī‘ī المد الطبيعي
Letters: ا و ي
If no hamzah or sukūn follows the madd letter, it is lengthened for two counts.
Madd muttaṣil المد المتصل
Letters: ا و ي
When a madd letter and a hamzah come in the SAME word, it is lengthened for four to five counts.
Madd munfaṣil المد المنفصل
Letters: ا و ي
When the madd letter is at the end of a word and the hamzah at the start of the next word, it is lengthened for four to five counts.
Madd lāzim المد اللازم
Letters: ا و ي
When a letter with shaddah or with an original sukūn follows the madd letter, it is lengthened for six counts (three alifs).
Madd ‘āriḍ المد العارض
Letters: ا و ي
When the letter after the madd letter takes sukūn because of stopping, it is lengthened for two, four or six counts.
Hear the adhan at alarm volume, even on silentFree · works offline · 20 languages · all four madhabs
Coming soonApp Store